我的 Ruby Cookbook

#!/usr/bin/env ruby

require 'csv'
require 'axlsx'

p = Axlsx::Package.new
book = p.workbook

book.add_worksheet(name: 'reports') do |sheet|
  CSV.foreach ARGV[0] do |row|
    sheet.add_row row
  end
end

fname = [File.basename(ARGV[0], File.extname(ARGV[0])), 'xlsx'].join('.')

p.serialize fname

require 'digest'
Digest::MD5.hexdigest 'test'

require 'prime' # prime 是质数的意思

n = rand(1..10)
puts n

case n
when lambda(&:prime?)          # lambda(&:prime?).call(n) or lambda(&:prime?) === n
  puts "This number is prime"
when lambda(&:even?)           # lambda(&:even?).call(n) or lambda(&:even?) === n
  puts "This number is even"
else
  puts "This number is odd"
end

age = rand(1..100)
puts age

case age
when -Float::INFINITY..20       # (-Float::INFINITY..20).include? age or (-Float::INFINITY..20) === age
  puts "You'r too young"
when 21..64                     # (21..64).include? age or (21..64) === age
  puts "You are the right age"
when 65..Float::INFINITY        # (65..Float::INFINITY).include? age or (65..Float::INFINITY) === age
  puts "You're too old"
end

v = ['foo', 1, [1,2,3]][rand(3)]
puts v

case v
when String; puts "string"   # v.is_a? String or String === v
when Integer; puts "integer" # v.is_a? Integer or Integer === v
when Array; puts "array"     # v.is_a? Array or Array === v
end

class StarLevel
  attr_reader :level
  
  def initialize level
    @level = level
  end

  def === star_string
    [level, '*'].join == star_string
  end
  
end

star1 = StarLevel.new 1
star2 = StarLevel.new 2
star3 = StarLevel.new 3
star4 = StarLevel.new 4
star5 = StarLevel.new 5

star_level = "2*"

case star_level
when star1; puts "1 star" # star1 === star_level
when star2; puts "2 star" # star2 === star_level
when star3; puts "3 star" # star3 === star_level
when star4; puts "4 star" # star4 === star_level
when star5; puts "5 star" # star5 === star_level
else
  puts "not defined level star"
end

 (1..10).inject(:*) # 等价于 (1..10).inject(1) {|m, i| m * i}

  class Range

    def symbol_inject init_value = 1, sym
	  m = init_value
	  p = sym.to_proc

      # m 是 p 的 receiver
	  each {|i| m = p.call m, i }
	  
	  m
	end
	
  end

  (1..10).symbol_inject(:*)
  (1..10).symbol_inject(2, :*)
  

'%d %d' % [20, 10]
# => '20 10'

sprintf('%d %d', 20, 10)
# => '20 10'

'%d' % 20
# => '20'

'%d %d' % [20, 10]
# => '20 10'

sprintf('%d %d', 20)
# => '20'

sprintf('%d %d', 20, 10)

File.extname(filename)
filename.chomp(File.extname(filename))

File.open file_path, 'r' do |file|
  file.each_line do |line|
    puts line
  end
end

FileUtils.mkdir_p(report_dir) if !File.exists?(report_dir)

minimal = -> {p :called}
minimal.call

loaded = ->(arg, default = :default, &block) {p [arg, default, block]}
loaded.call(:arg) {:block}

class Parent
  def show_block(&block)
    p block
  end
end

class Children < Parent
  def show_block
    super(&nil)
  end
end

Children.new.show_block {:block}  #=> nil

class Children < Parent
  def show_block
    super
  end
end

Children.new.show_block {:block} #=> #<Proc:0x007f8f23a02b70@(irb):18>

class Children < Parent
  def show_block
    super()
  end
end

Children.new.show_block {:block} #=> #<Proc:0x007f8f23a02b70@(irb):18>

class Parent
  def show_args(*args)
    p args
  end
end

class Children
  def show_args(a, b, c)
    super()
  end
end

Children.new.show_args(:a, :b, :c)

{:a => 'b', :c => 'd'}.each {|k, _| p k}

1.234567.round(2)  #=> 1.23
'%5.2f' % 123.593  #=> '123.59'

# 1. 支持1.9
define_method :m do |a = false|
end

# 2. 1.8， 1.9
class_eval <<-EVAL
  def #{"m"}(a = false)
  end
EVAL

# 3. 1.8， 1.9
define_method :m do |*args|
  a = args.first
end

# 4, 来自于 http://api.rubyonrails.org/classes/Module.html

method_def = [
        "def #{method_prefix}#{method}(#{definition})",  # def customer_name(*args, &block)
        " _ = #{to}",                                    #   _ = client
        "  _.#{method}(#{definition})",                  #   _.name(*args, &block)
        "rescue NoMethodError => e",                     # rescue NoMethodError => e
        "  if _.nil? && e.name == :#{method}",           #   if _.nil? && e.name == :name
        "    #{exception}",                              #     # add helpful message to the exception
        "  else",                                        #   else
        "    raise",                                     #     raise
        "  end",                                         #   end
        "end"                                            # end
      ].join ';'
    end

    module_eval(method_def, file, line)

module Mod
  def one
    "This is one"
  end

  module_function :one
end

module Mod
  def tow
    "This is tow"
  end

  extend self
end

module Mode

  def self.three
    "This is three"
  end
  
end

class MyError < StandardError
  def initialize(msg = "You've triggered a MyError")
    super(msg)
  end
end

def bundle(*enumerables)
  enumerators = enumerables.map { |e| e.to_enum }
  loop { yield enumerators.map { |e| e.next} }
end
a,b,c, d = [1,2,3], 4..6, 'a'..'e', [6, 9, 10, 12, 13]
bundle(a,b,c, d) { |x| print x}

resp_msg = resp_msg.encode('utf-8', 'gbk', {:invalid => :replace, :undef => :replace, :replace => '?'})

ticket_log.ticketid.sub(/^#{config['agentid']}/, '')

def gen_order_no
  rs = lambda {
    r = []
    1.upto(5) do
      r << (rand(122 - 97) + 97).chr
    end
    r.join
   }
  now = Time.now.strftime("%y%m%d%H%M%S")
  r  = [Time.now.to_f.to_s.split(".")[1]].pack('m')
    .gsub("\n",rs.call)
    .gsub("=",rs.call)
    .gsub("/",rs.call)
    .gsub("+",rs.call)
  "#{now}#{r}"[0,20]
end

require 'eventmachine'

EM.run {

  EM.add_periodic_timer(1) do
    sleep 2
    puts Time.now
  end

}

j = "{\"one\":1,\"two\":\"two\"}"
h2 = ActiveSupport::JSON.decode(j).symbolize_keys

h2[:one] #=> 1

# 或者

original_hash = {:info => [{:from => "Ryan Bates", :message => "sup bra", :time => "04:35 AM"}]}
serialized = JSON.generate(original_hash)
new_hash = JSON.parse(serialized, {:symbolize_names => true})

new_hash[:info]

"2013-01-14 14:38".to_datetime.in_time_zone
"2013-01-14 14:38".to_datetime.in_time_zone("Prague")

Dir.glob('lib/tasks/**/*.rake').each {|r| import r }

gem 'rails', :git => 'https://github.com/rails/rails.git', :ref => '4aded'
gem 'rails', :git => 'https://github.com/rails/rails.git', :branch => '2-3-stable'
gem 'rails', :git => 'https://github.com/rails/rails.git', :tag => 'v2.3.5'

a ||= \
begin
 code here ...
end

def foo(str: "foo", num: 424242, **options)
  [str, num, options]
end

foo #=> ['foo', 424242, {}]
foo(check: true) # => ['foo', 424242, {check: true}]

# 类似于
def foo(str: "foo", num: 424242, options: {})
  [str, num, options]
end

# 但是不能写成:
def foo(str: "foo", num: 424242, options={})
  [str, num, options]
end

def foo(str: "foo", num: 424242, *options)
  [str, num, options]
end

def foo(x, y)
end

method(:foo).parameters # => [[:req, :x], [:req, :y]]

args = method(__method__).parameters.map { |arg| arg[1] }

God.watch do |w|
  ...

  w.start = lambda { ENV['APACHE'] ? `apachectl -k graceful` : `lighttpd restart` }

  ...
end

God.watch do |w|
  ...

  w.env = { 'RAILS_ROOT' => "/var/www/myapp",
            'RAILS_ENV' => "production" }

  ...
end

RAILS_ROOT = "/Users/tom/dev/gravatar2"

%w{8200 8201 8202}.each do |port|
  God.watch do |w|
    w.name = "gravatar2-mongrel-#{port}"

    w.start = "mongrel_rails start -c #{RAILS_ROOT} -p #{port} \
      -P #{RAILS_ROOT}/log/mongrel.#{port}.pid  -d"
    w.stop = "mongrel_rails stop -P #{RAILS_ROOT}/log/mongrel.#{port}.pid"
    w.restart = "mongrel_rails restart -P #{RAILS_ROOT}/log/mongrel.#{port}.pid"

    w.pid_file = File.join(RAILS_ROOT, "log/mongrel.#{port}.pid")

    w.behavior(:clean_pid_file)

    w.start_if do |start|
      start.condition(:process_running) do |c|
        c.interval = 5.seconds
        c.running = false
      end
    end

    w.restart_if do |restart|
      restart.condition(:memory_usage) do |c|
        c.above = 150.megabytes
        c.times = [3, 5] # 3 out of 5 intervals
      end

      restart.condition(:cpu_usage) do |c|
        c.above = 50.percent
        c.times = 5
      end
    end

    # lifecycle
    w.lifecycle do |on|
      on.condition(:flapping) do |c|
        c.to_state = [:start, :restart]
        c.times = 5
        c.within = 5.minute
        c.transition = :unmonitored
        c.retry_in = 10.minutes
        c.retry_times = 5
        c.retry_within = 2.hours
      end
    end
  end
end

class Obj
  attr_accessor :first, :second
  def initialize
    @first = {:one => 'x',:two => 'y',:three => 'z'}
    @second = {[1,2]=>'x',[3,2]=>'o'}
  end
end

# 浅拷贝
obj1 = Obj.new
obj2 = obj1.clone

obj1.object_id != obj2.object_id
# 拷贝对象和源对象都指向同样的依赖
obj1.first.object_id == obj2.first.object_id

# 深拷贝
obj3 = Marshal.load( Marshal.dump(obj1) )
# 依赖也被拷贝了
obj3.first.object_id != obj1.first.object_id

TR_CITIES = {
  "Adana"=>["Seyhan", "Ceyhan", "Feke", "Karaisalı", "Karataş", "Kozan", "Pozantı", "Saimbeyli", "Tufanbeyli", "Yumurtalık", "Yüreğir", "Aladağ", "İmamoğlu", "Sarıçam", "Çukurova"]
}
  
File.open('tr_sub_cities.yml', 'w') do |file|
  file.write TR_CITIES.to_yaml(encoding: 'utf8')
end

res = File.load_file('tr_sub_cities.yml')

class User
  def born_on
    Date.new(1989, 9, 10)
  end
end

class UserDecorator < SimpleDelegator
  def birth_year
    born_on.year
  end
end

decorated_user = UserDecorator.new(User.new)
decorated_user.birth_year  #=> 1989
decorated_user.__getobj__  #=> #<User: ...>

res.gsub("\n\n", "\n")

ic = ::Iconv.new('UTF-8//IGNORE', res.encoding.to_s)
res = ic.iconv(res)
res.gsub("\n\n", "\n")

  desc '统计所有追号状况'
  task :stat_all_zhuihao, [:num] => [:environment] do |t, args|
    Rake::Task['staging:stat_zhuihao'].reenable
    Rake::Task['staging:stat_zhuihao'].invoke('排列三[组三]', args['num'])
  end

namespace :tweets do
  desc 'Send some tweets to a user'
  task :send, [:username] => [:environment] do |t, args|
    Tweet.send(args[:username])
  end
end
rake tweets:send[cpytel]

Rake::TaskManager.record_task_metadata = true

desc "Populate DB"
task :populate do |task|
  p task.comment # "Populate DB"
  p task.full_comment # "Populate DB"
  p task.name # "populate "
end

food = %w( bread milk orange )
food.map(&:object_id)       # [35401044, 35401020, 35400996]
food.clone.map(&:object_id) # [35401044, 35401020, 35400996]

def deep_copy(obj)
  Marshal.load(Marshal.dump(obj))
end

deep_copy(food).map(&:object_id) # [42975648, 42975624, 42975612]